If you or a loved one has type 2 diabetes, you might be wondering why the disease has seemingly occurred suddenly. You've probably heard all sorts of explanations about the causes of diabetes. Let's examine some of these risk factors.

Genetics

Everyone is born with a certain set of genes that defines many of their physical characteristics, from hair and eye color to their risk for certain diseases. Some people have a genetic predisposition, or family tendency, to developing type 2 diabetes.

Race

People of certain races, including Hispanics, African Americans, and Native Americans, have a much higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes. According to the National Institutes of Health, people of these races have up to 10 times the rate of diabetes as Caucasians.

Increasing Age

While everyone, including children, is at risk for type 2 diabetes, the risk increases significantly in people older than age 40.

These factors cannot be changed. However, we know from extensive research that even people with the highest genetic, racial, and age-related risks can greatly reduce the chance of developing diabetes by making lifestyle changes.

Excess Weight

Being overweight is one of the major risk factors for type 2 diabetes. While losing weight is tough for most people, it is one of the most powerful things you can do to reduce your chance of getting type 2 diabetes.

Minimal Physical Activity

Physical activity helps reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes and also helps people with the disease manage their blood sugar levels. People who stay active and keep their muscles working are more likely to have cells that allow the insulin "key" to unlock the "door" permitting the glucose to enter.

Risk Factors You Cannot Change

• Genetics
• Race
• Increasing age

Risk Factors You Can Change

• Excess weight
• Low physical activity